LOT 214 A rare pale green jade 'Bodhidharma' boulder
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18th century Formed as a remote mountain pine grotto, masterfully carved in varying levels of relief enclosing a lone Bodhidharma seated cross-legged in meditation on a prayer mat wrapped in his robe beside a waterfall, the reverse similarly carved with pine branches growing from craggy rocks, the stone of rich and lustrous greenish-white tone, stand. 17.2cm (6 3/4in) high. (2).Footnotes十八世紀 青玉雕達摩圖山子 Provenance: An English private collection Bonhams London, 7 November 2013, lot 115 A distinguished Asian private collection 來源: 英國私人收藏 倫敦邦瀚斯,2013年11月7日,拍品編號115 亞洲顯赫私人收藏 This boldly carved boulder belongs to an important group of closely related jades carved with a luohan in a mountain grotto. The subject matter may derive from a woodblock print on the theme, printed in the 18th century catalogue Gu yu tu pu (古玉圖譜), attributed to the Southern Song dynasty. The luohan depicted in the present lot may be identified as Bodhidharma, the sixth luohan. Bodhidharma, also known as Damo in Chinese, is the twenty-sixth Patriarch of Buddhism. He was a Buddhist monk of the 5/6th century and is accredited for being the leading transmitter of Buddhism to China. Often called the 'Blue-Eyed Barbarian' due to his rough bearded facial features, he was regarded as always ill-tempered. Buddhism as the foremost state religion during the Qing dynasty received great attention during the reign of the Qianlong emperor. The emperor ordered the Court painter Ding Guanpeng (1708-1771) to paint the sixteen luohans after the original set by Guanxiu (823-912) that he had seen during his visit to Hangzhou in 1757. The inscription carved on the present lot was part of the Qianlong emperor's appraisal of Guanxiu's painting, which was recorded in the Yu zhi wen ji chu ji (Anthology of the Emperor's Writings First Edition), vol.29. Compare a related boulder similarly carved with a meditating Bodhidharma in a grotto in the National Palace Museum, Taipei, dated to the Qianlong period, illustrated in The Refined Taste of the Emperor: Special Exhibition of Archaic and Pictorial Jades of the Ch'ing Court, Taipei, 1997, pl.39. Another example in the Palace Museum, Beijing, is illustrated in The Complete Collection of Treasures of the Palace Museum: Jadeware (II), Shanghai, 2008, p.76, no.56; two further examples, one un-inscribed but of similar jade stone and inclusions, 17th-18th century, and another with an inscription, 18th century, in the British Museum, London, illustrated by J.Rawson, Chinese Jade: From the Neolithic to the Qing, London, 1995, pp.409-410, no.29:19 and fig.1; and one inscribed and carved with the luohan Kanaka, 18th century, from the Heber R. Bishop Collection, is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (acc.no.02.18.640). See also a larger green jade 'Bodhidharma' boulder, Qianlong period, from the Collection of Stephen Junkunc III, which was sold at Sotheby's New York, 22 September 2020, lot 213. 青白玉質,玉質瑩若霜雪,白中閃青,山頂雕山巖層疊,崖下雕桐木松樹,掩映石龕,石龕內雕達摩坐像,石台之下流水潺潺,山石峻立,山子背面浮雕鬆蔭層巒。 菩提達摩,為中原禪宗佛教的開創者,相傳在南北朝時期來到南朝梁,但因與梁武帝話不投機,而轉投北魏於少林寺面壁閉關。 乾隆皇帝篤信佛教,他於1757年第二次南巡期間,到杭州西湖聖恩寺禮拜,並首次看到該寺收藏的貫休十六羅漢圖,對之大為欣賞,不但親筆在畫上題字御贊,亦命宮廷畫師丁觀鵬仿畫。此件山子上的贊文便出自乾隆御製《貫休十六應真像贊》,見《欽定四庫全書薈要,卷一萬三千二百六十八集部:御製文初集卷二十九》。 類似帶有銘文的玉雕十六羅漢贊山子之例,包括台北國立故宮博物院藏一件清乾隆玉達摩面壁山子,著錄於《宮廷之雅:清代仿古及畫意玉器特展圖錄》,台北,1997年,頁148,圖39。北京故宮博物院藏一例,見《故宮博物院藏文物珍品大系:玉器(下)》,上海,2008年,頁76,編號56;大英博物館有兩件,一件未題詩的十八世紀玉雕羅漢山子,其玉質及皮色和本拍品相類,以及另一件帶有題詩的青玉羅漢山子,見J.Rawson,《Chinese Jade: From the Neolithic to the Qing》,倫敦,1995年,頁409-410,編號29:19及圖1;另見大都會博物館藏一件十八世紀青玉雕御題詩羅漢山子(博物館編號02.18.640)。 參看史蒂芬·瓊肯三世舊藏一件碧玉雕達摩圖山子,後售於紐約蘇富比,2020年9月22日,拍品編號213。
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