圆雕三星堆古玉立人 拍品材质：铁陨石。 拍品尺寸：11.6cm, 223g. 1980~1986年，中国考古队对三星堆遗址开始了大规模考古发掘，发现了龙山时代（四千至五千年）商时期（三千至四千年）出土物，最早可达距今五千年左右，最晚期到商末周初，距今约三千年左右。三星堆文化玉器出土的数量较多，但有关玉神人的报导不多。然而三星堆文化玉器中有玉人纹和玉神人则是肯定的。1．站立式全身玉神人像在民间收藏者家中，曾见两件站式全身玉神人像，一件是圆雕，一件是浮雕。圆雕的一件，其造型与三星堆二号祭祀坑出土的那件青铜大立人像相同。浮雕的一件，是用减地浮雕法琢刻站立式全身玉神人像，像下还刻有象征山林的图饰。虽然两件站立式纵目神人像的姿势不同，但都是正面站立的形象，且都头戴冠帽，身穿长袍，眼睛很大，眼珠突出（即纵目）。2.跪坐式玉人像三星堆文化玉神人也有一件跪坐式像见于民间收藏者家中。玉人面相特征是粗眉，橄榄形立眼，耳厚大，高鼻，阔口，露齿；形体特征是身着紧衣，腰间系带两周，下身着裤，双手扶膝，呈跪坐姿。这种坐姿与三星堆二号祭祀坑出土的几件青铜跪坐人像相同。3.纵目式玉神人面具所谓“纵目”是指一双特别突出并向前伸出的眼球。纵目式青铜面具是三星堆文化中很有特点的出土物。据说三星堆出土的纵目兽面具象征蜀人始祖神蚕丛，其造型特点是一双特别突出并向前伸出的眼睛和高耸的夔龙状的额饰。在三星堆科学发掘的出土物中已见许多具青铜纵目式面具，但未知有无纵目式玉神人面具。有人曾经在民间收藏家中曾见过几件。这些纵目式玉神人面具的形制与纵目式青铜人面具相同。另外，玉神人面具上的纵目有“圆柱体”和“方柱体”两式。至于为何会有此两式，而此两式在文化寓意上有何不同，尚不得而知。三星堆文化的历史跨度较长，同一个文化在同一地点延绵不断地发展2000年，所以准确地断代，尚有一定困难。一般来说，玉神人出现较晚，其年代大体上相当于商代。（4）三星堆文化虽然发现较早，但到大规模的发掘，相隔了五十多年。1986年的大规模的发掘是当地基本建设已经开始的情况下进行的。而且著名的二号祭祀坑还在考古发掘行将结束时，由砖厂工人挖土发现的。所以说，三星堆文化玉出土的情况很复杂，在民间有很多早年出土的传世品应当是正常的。------------------------------------------ Yuandiao Sanxingdui Lvyuan Lot material: iron meteorite. Lot size: 11.6cm, 223g In the 1980-1986, the Chinese archaeological team began a large-scale archaeological excavation of the Sanxingdui ruins and discovered the period of the Longshan era (four thousand to five thousand years) (three thousand to four thousand). Year) unearthed, the earliest up to about five thousand years ago, the latest to the beginning of the week, about three thousand years ago. Sanxingdui culture jade unearthed the number of more, but the reports of jade people not much. However, Sanxingdui culture jade in the jade and jade and jade people are sure. 1. Standing statue of the whole body of jade gods in the home of private collectors, had seen two pieces of body-style jade statue of the whole body, one is a round carving, one is relief. Round of a carving, and its shape and Sanxingdui two sacrifice pit unearthed that piece of bronze Dali portrait of the same. Relief of one, is to reduce the relief method to cut off the standing body of the statue of jade, like the next carved with a symbol of the mountain ornaments. Although the two standing vertical portrait of God's posture is different, but are standing image of the front, and are wearing a cap, wearing a robe, eyes great, prominent eyes (ie, head). 2. kneeling lying jade like Sanxingdui culture jade gods also have a kneeling like seen in the private collectors home. The body is characterized by dressed in tight clothing, waist lace for two weeks, the lower body pants, hands knees, was kneeling, the body is characterized by dull, olive-shaped eyes, ears thick, high nose, wide mouth, exposed teeth; Sitting position. This kind of sitting and Sanxingdui two sacrifice pit unearthed a few pieces of bronze kneeling portrait of the same. 3. Longitudinal type of jade gods mask The so-called "vertical" refers to a pair of particularly prominent and forward out of the eye. Longitudinal bronze mask is a very unique feature of the Sanxingdui culture. It is said that the Sanxingdui unearthed portrait of animal husbandry symbol of Shu ancestors ancestral buds, its shape is characterized by a pair of particularly prominent and forward out of the eyes and towering Kui Long-like amount of the amount of decoration. In the Sanxingdui science excavation of the unearthed a lot of bronze longitudinal mask, but unknown whether the longitudinal head of jade gods mask. Someone had seen a few pieces in folk collectors. These superficial jade gods have the same shape as the longitudinal bronze mask. In addition, the jade gods on the mask of the "cylinder" and "square column" two. As to why there will be these two types, and the two types of cultural meaning in the different, is still unknown. Sanxingdui culture has a long history of history, with a culture in the same place to develop the continuous development of 2000, so accurate dating, there are still some difficulties. In general, the jade gods appear late, its age is roughly equivalent to the Shang Dynasty. (4) Sanxingdui culture although found earlier, but to the large-scale excavation, separated by more than 50 years. The large-scale excavation in 1986 was carried out when the local infrastructure had already begun. And the famous two sacrifice pit is still archaeological excavation is about to end by the brick factory workers found. So, Sanxingdui culture jade unearthed the situation is very complex, there are many folk unearthed in the early years of traditional products should be normal